Ovarian Cancer Surgery in Delhi, India

Ovarian cancer surgery is a specialised procedure performed to remove cancerous tissue from one or both ovaries and, in some cases, nearby reproductive organs such as the fallopian tubes, uterus, or lymph nodes. The goal of surgery is to eliminate as much of the tumour as possible, determine the stage of the disease, and create the best foundation for further treatment such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or—when indicated—HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy).

At Max Hospitals, ovarian cancer surgery is performed by highly skilled gynaecologic oncologists using advanced techniques, from open and laparoscopic to robotic-assisted approaches, ensuring precise tumour removal, faster recovery, and improved long-term outcomes.

Ovarian cancer surgery is recommended as a primary treatment or diagnostic step for individuals diagnosed with or suspected of having ovarian tumours. It plays a vital role in both confirming the diagnosis and removing cancerous growths to prevent their spread. Usually, doctors advise surgery in the following situations:

• When scans or blood tests show an ovarian mass that looks unusual or suspicious.
• If ovarian cancer has been confirmed and the goal is to remove the affected ovary or nearby tissues.
• In the early stages of the disease, where surgery can often eliminate the cancer completely.
• For advanced ovarian cancer, surgery (called cytoreductive or debulking surgery) helps remove as much tumour tissue as possible before or after chemotherapy.
• In selected advanced cases, HIPEC may be used after cytoreduction to destroy microscopic tumour cells.
• As a preventive step for women with a strong family history or genetic risk (such as BRCA mutations).

At Max Hospitals, our specialists carefully evaluate the disease stage, overall health, and reproductive goals to design an individualised surgical plan that ensures the best clinical outcomes with minimal complications.

The type of surgery recommended for ovarian cancer depends on factors such as the stage of the disease, its spread, and whether fertility preservation is required. Each surgical approach is designed to remove the tumour effectively while safeguarding overall health and recovery.

Common types of ovarian cancer surgery include:

• Unilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy: Removal of one ovary and fallopian tube.
• Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy: Removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes.
• Total Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy: Standard approach for advanced cases.
• Omentectomy: Removal of the omentum if cancer has spread.
• Lymph Node Dissection: To determine the spread beyond ovaries.
• Debulking or Cytoreductive Surgery: Performed in advanced stages to remove as much visible tumour as possible. The aim is to achieve an R0 resection, meaning no visible residual disease remains inside the abdomen.
• HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy): In carefully selected advanced cases, after cytoreductive surgery, heated chemotherapy is circulated inside the abdomen to eliminate microscopic cancer cells and reduce recurrence risk.

Every surgical procedure at Max is tailored to balance cancer control with the patient’s quality of life, using the latest technology and minimally invasive methods wherever feasible.

Getting Ready (Days Before the Surgery)

Preparation for ovarian cancer surgery begins several days in advance, setting the stage for a safe and well-planned operation. The process starts with diagnostic scans and blood tests that help doctors map the cancer’s stage and extent. Once this information is gathered, the surgical and anaesthesia teams carry out detailed evaluations, reviewing medical history, medications, and overall fitness for surgery.

Beyond medical readiness, this phase also focuses on emotional and physical well-being. Fertility and hormonal counselling sessions help patients make informed decisions about future reproductive health and understand possible changes after surgery. Nutritionists and care coordinators guide them on maintaining a balanced diet, staying hydrated, and building strength before the procedure. Gentle counselling sessions provide reassurance, helping patients feel informed and mentally prepared for the days ahead.

What Happens on the Day of the Surgery

The day of surgery begins early, with the patient being admitted and prepared by the medical team. Every detail, from identity checks to vital sign monitoring, is carefully managed to ensure complete safety. Once ready, the anaesthesiologist administers general anaesthesia, allowing the procedure to begin in total comfort.

The surgery itself varies based on the stage and spread of the disease. Surgeons may remove one or both ovaries, fallopian tubes, the uterus, or surrounding tissues using open, laparoscopic, or robotic-assisted techniques. In advanced cases, cytoreductive (debulking) surgery is performed to remove as much tumour tissue as possible, improving the effectiveness of further treatment. Throughout the operation, specialists work in synchrony, maintaining precision, monitoring vital parameters, and ensuring stability at every stage. Once the procedure is complete, the patient is transferred to a recovery unit for close observation until full awakening from anaesthesia.

Post-Procedure Recovery and Care (at Home)

Recovery after ovarian cancer surgery unfolds gradually, beginning in the hospital and continuing at home. In the immediate postoperative phase, the medical team focuses on pain relief, wound care, and helping the body regain strength. Physiotherapists assist with gentle movement and breathing exercises to support circulation and prevent complications.

Once discharged, the focus shifts to restoring normal routines and overall well-being. A nutrient-rich diet, proper rest, and regular follow-up visits play an important role in recovery. For those who have both ovaries removed, hormone replacement therapy may be recommended to manage menopausal changes. Emotional recovery is equally important — counselling and support groups help patients adjust to life after surgery and regain confidence as they move forward on their healing journey.

Ovarian cancer surgery is generally safe when performed by experienced specialists, but like any major operation, it carries certain risks. Understanding these potential complications helps ensure better awareness and preparedness for recovery. At Max Hospitals, these risks are minimised through advanced technology, meticulous surgical planning, and expert postoperative care.

• Bleeding and infection: Although rare, bleeding or wound infections may occur after surgery. Prompt medical attention and proper wound care help prevent or manage these issues effectively.
• Damage to nearby organs: During extensive procedures, there’s a small possibility of injury to surrounding organs such as the bladder, intestines, or ureters. Surgeons at Max Hospitals take every precaution to minimise this risk through precision techniques.
• Hormonal changes: Removal of one or both ovaries may lead to a drop in hormone levels, resulting in symptoms like hot flashes, mood changes, or fatigue. Hormone replacement therapy can help manage these effects and restore balance.
• Early menopause: Women who undergo removal of both ovaries experience surgical menopause, which may bring symptoms such as night sweats or vaginal dryness. The care team provides personalised guidance and treatment to ease this transition.
• Fertility loss: If both ovaries and fallopian tubes are removed, natural conception becomes impossible. Fertility preservation options are discussed before surgery for patients who wish to explore them.
• Blood clots and anaesthesia risks: As with many major surgeries, there’s a slight risk of blood clots or adverse reactions to anaesthesia. Preventive measures, such as early mobilisation and close monitoring, reduce these complications.
• Emotional and psychological effects: Adjusting to physical and hormonal changes after surgery can be emotionally challenging. Counselling and support services at Max Hospitals help patients cope and regain confidence during recovery.

When it comes to ovarian cancer surgery, choosing the right hospital can make all the difference. Here’s why patients and their families trust us.

• Expert Gynaecologic Oncologists: The surgical team at Max Hospitals comprises some of the country’s most experienced gynaecologic oncologists, known for their skill in performing both complex and minimally invasive procedures. Their steady hands and deep understanding of cancer biology bring confidence to every step of the treatment journey.
• Advanced Surgical Technology: Access to cutting-edge laparoscopic and robotic-assisted systems allows for enhanced accuracy, smaller incisions, and faster recovery. These advanced tools enable surgeons to perform delicate procedures with utmost precision and care.
• Comprehensive Cancer Care: Every patient receives multidisciplinary support, from diagnostic evaluation and pre-surgical planning to post-treatment follow-up, ensuring continuity of care under one roof. This holistic approach helps address medical, physical, and emotional needs seamlessly.
• Focus on Fertility Preservation: Whenever medically feasible, our surgeons adopt techniques that protect reproductive potential without compromising cancer control. This sensitive approach allows women to make informed choices about their reproductive future.
• Integrated Emotional and Rehabilitation Support: Beyond physical recovery, care at Max also focuses on emotional strength. Dedicated counsellors and rehabilitation experts stand by patients through every stage, helping them rebuild confidence, regain balance, and return to daily life with renewed positivity.
• Global Standards of Safety: At Max Hospitals, we ensure every procedure adheres to strict infection control measures and international surgical protocols. From sterilisation to post-surgery monitoring, each step demonstrates our unwavering commitment to patient safety, comfort, and trust.

How long does ovarian cancer surgery usually take?

The duration of ovarian cancer surgery depends on the stage and extent of the disease. A simple procedure may take around two to three hours, while complex or cytoreductive surgeries can extend up to six hours or more.

Is ovarian cancer surgery always followed by chemotherapy?

Not always. Chemotherapy is recommended when cancer has spread beyond the ovaries or if microscopic cancer cells remain after surgery. Early-stage cancers confined to one ovary may not require chemotherapy.

What type of anaesthesia is used during ovarian cancer surgery?

Ovarian cancer surgeries are performed under general anaesthesia, ensuring that the patient remains asleep and pain-free throughout the procedure.

Can ovarian cancer return after surgery?

Yes, recurrence is possible, especially in advanced stages. Regular follow-up visits, imaging tests, and maintenance therapies help detect and manage recurrence early.

What are the visible signs of recovery after ovarian cancer surgery?

Signs of good recovery include reduced pain, improved energy levels, healing of surgical wounds, normalised bowel movements, and steady return to appetite and daily routines.

How soon can one walk after ovarian cancer surgery?

Most patients are encouraged to start walking within a day or two after surgery. Early movement helps improve circulation, reduce the risk of blood clots, and speed up recovery.

Are minimally invasive surgeries suitable for all ovarian cancer cases?

Minimally invasive techniques like laparoscopy or robotic-assisted surgery are ideal for early-stage cancers or diagnostic purposes. However, advanced or widespread cancers often require open surgery for thorough tumour removal.

What dietary changes are recommended after ovarian cancer surgery?

A balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins, and fibre supports healing. Small, frequent meals with adequate hydration are advised, while processed and high-fat foods should be limited during recovery.

Can ovarian cancer surgery affect sexual health?

Yes, removal of ovaries or hormonal changes can affect libido and vaginal comfort. These issues can be managed through hormonal therapy, counselling, and open communication with healthcare providers.

Is hormone replacement therapy safe after ovarian cancer surgery?

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be prescribed for managing menopausal symptoms, especially in women who undergo removal of both ovaries. The decision depends on cancer type, risk factors, and overall health.

How often are follow-up visits required after surgery?

Follow-up appointments are usually scheduled every few months initially, and then less frequently over time. These visits help monitor recovery, manage side effects, and detect any recurrence early.

What kind of scars remain after ovarian cancer surgery?

The type and size of scars depend on the surgical technique used. Laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgeries leave small keyhole scars, while open surgeries may leave a larger abdominal incision that fades over time.

Can ovarian cancer surgery be performed during pregnancy?

In select cases, surgery can be safely performed during pregnancy, particularly if cancer is confined to one ovary. The surgical plan is carefully designed to protect both mother and baby.

How does ovarian cancer surgery impact hormonal balance?

If one ovary is removed, the remaining ovary continues to produce hormones. However, removing both ovaries leads to an abrupt drop in estrogen and progesterone, causing menopausal symptoms that can be managed medically.

Are there any alternative treatments to surgery for ovarian cancer?

While surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, some advanced or recurrent cases may be managed with targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or palliative care when surgery is not feasible.

Reviewed by Dr. Kanika Batra Modi, Associate Director & Clinical Lead- Surgical Oncology, Cancer Care /Gynecologic Oncology, Robotic Surgery, on 10 December 2025.